Indigenous activist Leonard Peltier is set for release from a Florida prison on Tuesday after a commutation of his life sentence by former President Joe Biden. This commutation stems from Peltier’s conviction for the 1975 killings of two FBI agents, a decision celebrated by his advocates while provoking strong dissent from law enforcement who maintain his guilt.
Peltier’s nearly 50-year imprisonment has become a symbol of systemic injustice faced by Native Americans who argue for his innocence. The decision to place the 80-year-old in home confinement marks a significant moment for his supporters.
“Leonard represents everyone who has faced injustice, been profiled, or suffered harassment,” stated an advocate from the American Indian Studies field.
However, the timing of Biden’s commutation has drawn criticism from those asserting Peltier’s guilt, including criticisms from former FBI officials who view the decision as contrary to the rule of law.
The commutation does not equate to a pardon for Peltier’s crimes, which his supporters have long sought given his unwavering claim of innocence. Peltier, a member of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa in North Dakota, was a key figure in the American Indian Movement, which gained national attention for advocating Native American rights starting in the 1960s.
The movement’s notable actions included the occupation of Alcatraz Island in 1969 and the takeover of the Bureau of Indian Affairs headquarters in 1972, demanding restoration of tribal lands. Consequently, members of the movement, including Peltier, faced extensive surveillance and harassment by the FBI.
Peltier’s conviction arose from a confrontation at the Oglala Sioux Indian Reservation in 1975, resulting in the deaths of FBI agents Jack Coler and Ronald Williams, who were there to serve warrants. Prosecutors alleged that Peltier executed both agents at close range, while Peltier contended he acted in self-defense. A witness later recanted her testimony, claiming coercion.
Convicted of first-degree murder, Peltier received two life sentences. His co-defendants were acquitted on self-defense grounds. Despite recent denials of parole, advocacy for his release has gained momentum.
“Leonard Peltier’s release is a necessary action given the ongoing human rights concerns about his trial, his lengthy imprisonment, and his health,” stated a representative of an advocacy organization. “His release should not be limited to home confinement.”
For decades, influential Native American groups and individuals have lobbied for Peltier’s release, with Amnesty International recognizing him as a political prisoner. Prominent supporters have included notable figures from various fields.
Generations of Indigenous activists have persistently requested pardons for Peltier, with some members of the Biden administration lending their support. Following Biden’s decision, one such advocate expressed gratitude for Peltier’s opportunity to return to his family.
Reflecting on his past, Peltier was forcibly taken from his family to attend a boarding school, an experience shared by many Indigenous children, often subjected to severe abuse.
An advocate emphasized Peltier’s longing for a home, stating, “He is looking forward to being with his family, painting, and enjoying time with his grandchildren.”
