The names of approximately 425,000 individuals suspected of collaboration with the Nazis during the German occupation of the Netherlands have been made publicly available online for the first time. This extensive list comprises individuals investigated through a unique legal framework established towards the end of World War II, with over 150,000 subjected to some form of punishment.
Previously, access to these records required a visit to the Dutch National Archives in The Hague, creating significant barriers for researchers exploring this critical period in Dutch history, which spans from the 1940 invasion until 1945.
The digitization effort aims to provide vital access to stories from this era, highlighting its importance for both contemporary and future generations. The archive includes files on war criminals, the estimated 20,000 Dutch citizens who served in the German armed forces, and alleged affiliates of the National Socialist Movement (NSB), the Dutch Nazi party. It is worth noting that the archive also contains the names of individuals who were ultimately deemed innocent.
As a compilation of files from the Special Jurisdiction that began investigating suspected collaborators in 1944, the online database offers searchable names along with their birth dates and locations; however, it does not reveal whether individuals were found guilty or the specifics of their alleged collaboration. Users seeking further details are provided guidance on how to request physical files at the National Archives, where they must demonstrate a legitimate interest.
Concerns have been raised in the Netherlands regarding the public availability of sensitive historical information, leading to initial restrictions on the online data. Relatives of collaborators and victims alike have expressed apprehension about potential backlash, prompting discussions about the impact of such disclosures.
National Archives Director Tom De Smet acknowledged the complexities, emphasizing that the topic of collaboration remains a significant trauma that is seldom addressed. He expressed hope that the release of these archives might help break longstanding taboos.
In a recent statement, Culture Minister Eppo Bruins emphasized the importance of archival openness in addressing the consequences of the Netherlands’ challenging shared history. Although privacy concerns may limit the amount of available information online, Bruins has indicated a desire to reform legislation to allow for greater public disclosure, while also clarifying that individuals still alive are not included in the online database.
