Recent research has revealed a significant link between seven specific genes and accelerated brain ageing, highlighting potential therapies to mitigate the effects. This study sheds light on the disparity between chronological age and the brain’s biological age, referred to as the brain age gap.
The research team, led by Zhengxing Huang from Zhejiang University in China, utilized an advanced deep-learning model to analyze medical data from nearly 39,000 individuals participating in the UK Biobank. This extensive analysis included health, genetic, and lifestyle information, along with biological samples from individuals averaging 64 years old, approximately half of whom were women.
Utilizing MRI scan data, the study identified specific brain regions, such as the lentiform nucleus and posterior limb of the internal capsule, showing signs of accelerated aging and cognitive decline as the brain age gap widened.
Of the 64 influential genes identified, the researchers focused on seven – MAPT, TNFSF12, GZMB, SIRPB1, GNLY, NMB, and C1RL – that have a particularly pronounced effect on brain ageing. Notably, clinical trials suggest that the activity of these genes can be influenced by 13 different drugs and supplements, including vitamin D supplements, anti-inflammatory medications, and hormone therapies.
However, the research team cautions individuals about the potential risks associated with using medications or supplements to slow down the aging process, as these interventions may carry unintended negative consequences.
The findings emphasize the need for concrete targets for future experimental and clinical interventions, according to experts in the field. Yet, the extent of the impact these identified genes have on brain ageing remains uncertain, as lifestyle and environmental factors can significantly influence gene activity.
Further research is necessary to determine whether these findings are applicable to diverse populations worldwide, highlighting the importance of studying genetic influences in various ethnic groups to understand their role in brain health and aging.
